ANIMAL SPECIES:Common Toadfish, Tetractenos hamiltoni (Gray & Richardson, 1843)
Identification
The Common Toadfish is a sandy to whitish colour. It has small brown spots over most of the back and upper sides. The lower sides often have brown bars and blotches.
The species has small gill slits located just in front of the pectoral fin bases and a distinct skin fold running along the lower sides. Its teeth are fused and form a beak-like structure with a median groove. The family name Tetraodontidae means "four teeth".
The species looks similar to the Smooth Toadfish. They can be separated by skin texture and colouration. The Smooth Toadfish has larger spots and blotches. It has minute spines embedded in the skin which give it a smooth texture, hence the common name. The Common Toadfish is covered with small prickles.
Distribution
The Common Toadfish is found in shallow coastal waters and estuaries along the eastern Australian coastline from northern Queensland to southern New South Wales.
Distribution by collection data
Biomaps map of Common Toadfish specimens in the Australian Museum collection.
Habitat
It is a schooling species that is often seen buried in sand with only the eyes exposed.
Living with us
Danger to humans and first aid
The Common Toadfish is very toxic and should not be eaten. Human deaths have resulted from the consumption of toadfishes. View the eMJA page on Puffer fish poisoning.
Classification
- Species:
- hamiltoni
- Genus:
- Tetractenos
- Family:
- Tetraodontidae
- Class:
- Actinopterygii
References
- Hutchins, B. & R. Swainston. 1986. Sea Fishes of Southern Australia. Complete Field Guide for Anglers and Divers. Swainston Publishing. Pp. 180.
- Kuiter, R.H. 1996. Guide to Sea Fishes of Australia. New Holland. Pp. 433.
- Kuiter, R.H. 2000. Coastal Fishes of South-eastern Australia. Gary Allen. Pp. 437.
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A Common Toadfish at Clifton Gardens View full size
Erik Schlögl
© Erik Schlögl
A close-up of a Common Toadfish at Clifton Gardens View full size
Erik Schlögl
© Erik Schlögl
A Common Toadfish partially buried in sand View full size
Dave Harasti
© Dave Harasti
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